| 1. | Soft budget constraints
软预算约束 |
| 2. | One of the possible reasons for the inefficient utilization of resource in universities is the soft budget constraint
摘要大学预算软约束是造成大学资源利用效率低下的重要原因。 |
| 3. | In addition , the author analyzes the reverse coercion system of the soft budget restriction and points out that the collective action taken by state - owned enterprises once coerce banks into providing them the credit
此外，笔者还分析了预算软约束的倒逼机制，指出国有企业的集体行动曾迫使银行提供信贷。 |
| 4. | This present thesis studies the above - mentioned problems by analyzing the characteristics of financial behavioral of state - owned listed companies and measure the degree of soft budget constraint ( sbc )
本文从国有上市公司融资行为的特征这一角度出发，以预算约束的软硬程度做标准，对这个问题进行深入剖析。 |
| 5. | With regard to the existing soft budget constraint problems in some countries after economic transition , the paper makes some comprehensive analyses on the development of the soft budget constraint theory
摘要针对一些国家在经济转轨后仍然存在预算软约束问题，本文对预算软约束理论的近期发展进行了总结分析。 |
| 6. | Such operation character is related to the soft budget restriction existing between the government and state - owned enterprises , and the government ' s interference in the state - owned banks makes such soft budget restriction transfer to the field of credit
这种行为特征，与政府和国有企业之间存在的预算软约束有关。而政府对国有银行的干预，使这种预算软约束转移到信贷领域，从而导致了国有银行不断对亏损国有企业提供融资的局面。 |
| 7. | The author focuses on the optimization of economic transition in china from the view of soft budget constraint ( sbc ) . firstly , the author introduces the origin , development of sbc and significance of research on it briefly in chapter 1 and introduces four representative theories of factor analysis of sbc systematically in chapter 2
首先在第1章中简要介绍了软预算约束的起源、发展及研究软预算约束的理论意义和实际意义，并在第2章中系统介绍了四种有代表性的软预算约束成因分析理论。 |
| 8. | Finally , the paper discusses the conditions of internal financial risk in china , and points out the nonperforming assets of banks to be the most critical financial risk , and then explores the reason in the method of the game theory , and concludes that the soft budget constraint faced by chinese state - owned enterprises is the answer of the problem
最后分析了中国整个金融体系的风险累积现状，指出银行业的不良贷款是金融风险最大的隐患；并运用博弈论分析表明在中国国有企业的预算软约束是不良资产形成的主要原因。 |
| 9. | As a kind of endogenic phenomenon of progressive reform , the reasons of financial dilemma lie in financial preference of nationalization and soft budget restriction of state - owned enterprises , asymmetric information and the rate which is not decided by market transaction , and the actual ownership - discrimination of stock market and bond market
作为渐进改革的一种内生现象，民营经济的金融困境源于“国有化”金融偏好与国有企业预算软约束，信息不对称与利率非市场化，以及股票市场与债券市场事实上的“所有制”歧视。 |
| 10. | Soft budget constraint ( sbc ) which means central planner must commit to save the companies who had been caught in financial constraint , including events such as hindering the reorganization of bankrupt firms , subsidizing deficit enterprises continually , prolonging the deadline of bad loan and even refunding them , has been the symbol of transition economies , not to say china
处在转型过程中的中国经济不可避免地具有预算软约束这一转型经济的通病,即计划者不能承诺不去解救亏损企业,扩展开来就包括阻碍亏损企业实施结构重组、持续补贴亏损企业以及对不良贷款的展期和再融资等。 |
